UNIX / Linux：Rsnapshot 恢复备份

发表 admin at 2024年8月26日

类别

未分类

标签

我已经使用本教程在 Redhat和Debian Linux 系统下创建了备份服务器。如何使用 rsnapshot 备份工具恢复文件（例如 /var/www/html）？如何在 UNIX 或 Linux 操作系统下使用 rsnapshot 恢复 MySQL 数据库转储？

您可以使用 scp 或 rsync 命令本身来恢复备份。您只需从快照根目录复制所有文件即可。每小时备份将比每日备份更新，每日备份将比每周备份更新，每周备份将比每月备份更新。

   Remote location
 +------------------------+   Internets
 | Backup.example.net.in | -----------+
 +------------------------+            |
                             +---------+---------+
                             | Local ISP Router  |
                             +-------------------+
                                       | Lan
 +---------+--+---------+--+-------+---+---------------------------------+
 | Server1 |  | Server2 |  | Tomcat|   | User desktops and other systems |
 +---------+  +---------+  +-------+   +---------------------------------+
  Apache        MySQL        JavaApp

登录 Backup.example.net.in，输入：
# ssh user@backup.example.net.in
Cd 到您的 rsnapshot 目录：
# cd /.raid/rsnapshot
要列出当前快照，请输入：
# ls -l
示例输出：

drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 4096 Jan 26 00:09 daily.0
drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 4096 Jan 25 00:09 daily.1
drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 4096 Jan 24 00:06 daily.2
drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 4096 Jan 23 00:06 daily.3
drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 4096 Jan 22 00:06 daily.4
drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 4096 Jan 21 00:07 daily.5
drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 4096 Jan 20 00:10 daily.6
drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 4096 Jan 27 08:08 hourly.0
drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 4096 Jan 27 04:08 hourly.1
drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 4096 Jan 27 00:10 hourly.2
drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 4096 Jan 26 20:07 hourly.3
drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 4096 Jan 26 16:07 hourly.4
drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 4096 Jan 26 12:08 hourly.5
drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 4096 Dec  5 00:10 monthly.0
drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 4096 Oct 31 00:10 monthly.1
drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 4096 Oct  3 00:12 monthly.2
drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 4096 Jan 16 00:12 weekly.0
drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 4096 Jan  9 00:12 weekly.1
drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 4096 Jan  2 00:12 weekly.2
drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 4096 Dec 26 00:11 weekly.3

server1 的每日备份存储在 /.raid/rsnapshot/daily.*/server1/ 目录中。要查看最新的每日备份 (daily.0)，请输入：
# cd /.raid/rsnapshot/daily.0/server1/ # ls -l

如何从备份服务器本身恢复文件？

您可以使用 rsync 将备份恢复到 server1，如下所示以恢复 /var/www/html/：或者使用 scp 命令复制选定的文件，例如 /var/www/html/db.conf.php：
# cd /.raid/rsnapshot/daily.0/server1/var/www/html/ # rsync -avr * user@server1.example.net.in:/var/www/html/

# scp db.conf.php user@server1.example.net.in:/var/www/html/

如何从Server2本身恢复文件？

您可以使用 rsync 命令从 backup.example.net.in 恢复文件，如下所示。登录到 server2.example.net.in 并输入以下命令：或者使用 scp 命令复制单个文件，例如 /.raid/rsnapshot/daily.0/server1/var/www/html/db1/db.conf.py：
# cd /var/www/html/ # rsync -avr user@backup.example.net.in:/.raid/rsnapshot/daily.0/server1/var/www/html/* .

# cd /var/www/html/ # scp user@backup.example.net.in:/.raid/rsnapshot/daily.0/server1/var/www/html/dir1/db.conf.py .

如何恢复 MySQL 备份？

如果您使用此 shell 脚本创建 mysql 快照，则从 /.raid/rsnapshot/ 目录复制数据库转储。首先，登录到 backup.example.net.in 并键入以下命令以列出最新的每日 (daily.0) 备份：示例输出：
# cd /.raid/rsnapshot/daily.0/mysql/ # ls -l

total 16
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Feb  4  2010 mysql1.example.net.in
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Feb  4  2010 java1.mysql.example.in
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Feb  4  2010 mysqlmaster1.vsnl.example.net.in
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jul 27  2010 mysqlmaster2.bsnl.example.net.in

要恢复 mysql1.example.net.in 备份，请输入：
# cd mysql1.example.net.in
要列出当前数据库，请输入：
# ls -l
示例输出：

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  1631127 Jan 26 00:06 c_sales_final.18_05_18pm.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  1286946 Jan 26 00:06 support_wiki.18_05_22pm.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  8153091 Jan 26 00:06 support_forum.18_05_23pm.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  5862770 Jan 26 00:06 accounting.18_05_27pm.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  2158235 Jan 26 00:06 www_stats.18_05_31pm.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root      415 Jan 26 00:06 information_schema.18_05_18pm.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 15643585 Jan 26 00:06 frontend_apache.18_05_38pm.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  7181723 Jan 26 00:06 wordpress.18_05_47pm.gz

要恢复 wordpress.18_05_47pm.gz，请使用 scp 命令将数据库复制到 mysql 服务器，即 server2.example.net.in，输入：
# scp wordpress.18_05_47pm.gz root@server2.example.net.in:/root
从 backup.example.net.in 注销并登录到 server2.example.net.in。要解压文件，请输入：要恢复 mysql 备份，请输入：简而言之，从 wordpress.18_05_47pm 文件恢复 wordpress 数据库，请输入：
# cd /root # gunzip wordpress.18_05_47pm.gz

# mysql -u root -p'YOUR-PASSWORD-HERE' -h locahost YOUR-DB-NAME-HERE < YOUR-BACKUP.sql.FILE-HERE

# mysql -u root -p'mySecrete' -h locahost wordpress < wordpress.18_05_47pm