安装Innotop以监控MySQL服务器性能
Innotop是一款出色的命令行程序，类似于“ top 命令”，用于监控在InnoDB引擎下运行的本地和远程 MySQL 服务器。Innotop 具有许多功能和不同类型的模式/选项，可帮助监控 MySQL 性能的不同方面，还可帮助数据库管理员找出 MySQL 服务器的问题所在。
例如，Innotop有助于监控mysql 复制状态、用户统计信息、查询列表、InnoDB 缓冲区、InnoDB I/O 信息、打开表、锁定表等，它会定期刷新其数据，因此您可以看到更新的结果。
Innotop具有强大的功能和灵活性，不需要任何额外的配置，只需从终端运行“ innotop ”命令即可执行。
安装 Innotop（MySQL 监控）
默认情况下，innotop包不包含在 Linux 发行版（如RHEL、CentOS、Fedora和Scientific Linux ）中。您需要通过启用第三方epel 存储库并使用 yum 命令来安装它，如下所示。
# yum install innotop
示例输出
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: centos.mirror.net.in * epel: epel.mirror.net.in * epel-source: epel.mirror.net.in * extras: centos.mirror.net.in * updates: centos.mirror.net.in Setting up Install Process Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package innotop.noarch 0:1.9.0-3.el6 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ========================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size ========================================================================================================== Installing: innotop noarch 1.9.0-3.el6 epel 149 k Transaction Summary ========================================================================================================== Install 1 Package(s) Total download size: 149 k Installed size: 489 k Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: innotop-1.9.0-3.el6.noarch.rpm | 149 kB 00:00 Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Installing : innotop-1.9.0-3.el6.noarch 1/1 Verifying : innotop-1.9.0-3.el6.noarch 1/1 Installed: innotop.noarch 0:1.9.0-3.el6 Complete!
要启动innotop ，只需在命令行中输入“ innotop ”并分别指定选项-u（用户名）和-p（密码），然后按 Enter。
# innotop -u root -p 'tecm1nt'
一旦连接到MySQL服务器，您应该会看到类似于以下屏幕的内容。
[RO] Dashboard (? for help) localhost, 61d, 254.70 QPS, 5/2/200 con/run/cac thds, 5.1.61-log Uptime MaxSQL ReplLag Cxns Lock QPS QPS Run Run Tbls Repl SQL 61d 4 0 254.70 _ _ 462 Off 1
Innotop 帮助
按“ ？ ”获取命令行选项和用法的摘要。
Switch to a different mode: A Dashboard I InnoDB I/O Info Q Query List B InnoDB Buffers K InnoDB Lock Waits R InnoDB Row Ops C Command Summary L Locks S Variables & Status D InnoDB Deadlocks M Replication Status T InnoDB Txns F InnoDB FK Err O Open Tables U User Statistics Actions: d Change refresh interval p Pause innotop k Kill a query's connection q Quit innotop n Switch to the next connection x Kill a query Other: TAB Switch to the next server group / Quickly filter what you see ! Show license and warranty = Toggle aggregation # Select/create server groups @ Select/create server connections $ Edit configuration settings \ Clear quick-filters Press any key to continue
本节包含innotop使用屏幕截图。使用大写键可在模式之间切换。
用户统计
此模式显示按读取次数排序的用户统计信息和索引统计信息。
CXN When Load QPS Slow QCacheHit KCacheHit BpsIn BpsOut localhost Total 0.00 1.07k 697 0.00% 98.17% 476.83k 242.83k
查询列表
此模式显示SHOW FULL PROCESSLIST的输出，类似于mytop 的查询列表模式。此功能不显示InnoDB信息，最适合一般用途。
When Load Cxns QPS Slow Se/In/Up/De% QCacheHit KCacheHit BpsIn BpsOut Now 0.05 1 0.20 0 0/200/450/100 0.00% 100.00% 882.54 803.24 Total 0.00 151 0.00 0 31/231470/813290/188205 0.00% 99.97% 1.40k 0.22 Cmd ID State User Host DB Time Query Connect 25 Has read all relay system u 05:26:04
InnoDB I/O 信息
该模式默认显示InnoDB的I/O统计、待处理I/O、I/O线程、文件I/O和日志统计表。
____________________ I/O Threads ____________________
Thread Purpose Thread Status
0 insert buffer thread waiting for i/o request
1 log thread waiting for i/o request
2 read thread waiting for i/o request
3 write thread waiting for i/o request
____________________________ Pending I/O _____________________________
Async Rds Async Wrt IBuf Async Rds Sync I/Os Log Flushes Log I/Os
0 0 0 0 0 0
________________________ File I/O Misc _________________________
OS Reads OS Writes OS fsyncs Reads/Sec Writes/Sec Bytes/Sec
26 3 3 0.00 0.00 0
_____________________ Log Statistics _____________________
Sequence No. Flushed To Last Checkpoint IO Done IO/Sec
0 5543709 0 5543709 0 5543709 8 0.00
InnoDB缓冲区
本节中，您将看到有关InnoDB 缓冲池、页面统计信息、插入缓冲区和自适应哈希索引的信息。数据从SHOW INNODB STATUS中获取。
__________________________ Buffer Pool __________________________
Size Free Bufs Pages Dirty Pages Hit Rate Memory Add'l Pool
512 492 20 0 -- 16.51M 841.38k
____________________ Page Statistics _____________________
Reads Writes Created Reads/Sec Writes/Sec Creates/Sec
20 0 0 0.00 0.00 0.00
______________________ Insert Buffers ______________________
Inserts Merged Recs Merges Size Free List Len Seg. Size
0 0 0 1 0 2
__________________ Adaptive Hash Index ___________________
Size Cells Used Node Heap Bufs Hash/Sec Non-Hash/Sec
33.87k 0 0.00 0.00
InnoDB 行操作
在这里，您将默认看到InnoDB 行操作、行操作杂项、信号量和等待数组表的输出。
________________ InnoDB Row Operations _________________
Ins Upd Read Del Ins/Sec Upd/Sec Read/Sec Del/Sec
0 0 0 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
________________________ Row Operation Misc _________________________
Queries Queued Queries Inside Rd Views Main Thread State
0 0 1 waiting for server activity
_____________________________ InnoDB Semaphores _____________________________
Waits Spins Rounds RW Waits RW Spins Sh Waits Sh Spins Signals ResCnt
2 0 41 1 1 2 4 5 5
____________________________ InnoDB Wait Array _____________________________
Thread Time File Line Type Readers Lck Var Waiters Waiting? Ending?
命令概要
命令摘要模式显示所有cmd_summary表，类似于下面。
_____________________ Command Summary _____________________ Name Value Pct Last Incr Pct Com_update 11980303 65.95% 2 33.33% Com_insert 3409849 18.77% 1 16.67% Com_delete 2772489 15.26% 0 0.00% Com_select 507 0.00% 0 0.00% Com_admin_commands 411 0.00% 1 16.67% Com_show_table_status 392 0.00% 0 0.00% Com_show_status 339 0.00% 2 33.33% Com_show_engine_status 164 0.00% 0 0.00% Com_set_option 162 0.00% 0 0.00% Com_show_tables 92 0.00% 0 0.00% Com_show_variables 84 0.00% 0 0.00% Com_show_slave_status 72 0.00% 0 0.00% Com_show_master_status 47 0.00% 0 0.00% Com_show_processlist 43 0.00% 0 0.00% Com_change_db 27 0.00% 0 0.00% Com_show_databases 26 0.00% 0 0.00% Com_show_charsets 24 0.00% 0 0.00% Com_show_collations 24 0.00% 0 0.00% Com_alter_table 12 0.00% 0 0.00% Com_show_fields 12 0.00% 0 0.00% Com_show_grants 10 0.00% 0 0.00%
变量和状态
本节计算统计数据，例如每秒查询次数，并以多种不同的模式显示出来。
QPS Commit_PS Rlbck_Cmt Write_Commit R_W_Ratio Opens_PS Tbl_Cch_Usd Threads_PS Thrd_Cch_Usd CXN_Used_Ever CXN_Used_Now 0 0 0 18163174 0 0 0 0 0 1.99 1.32 0 0 0 18163180 0 0 0 0 0 1.99 1.32 0 0 0 18163188 0 0 0 0 0 1.99 1.32 0 0 0 18163192 0 0 0 0 0 1.99 1.32 0 0 0 18163217 0 0 0 0 0 1.99 1.32 0 0 0 18163265 0 0 0 0 0 1.99 1.32 0 0 0 18163300 0 0 0 0 0 1.99 1.32 0 0 0 18163309 0 0 0 0 0 1.99 1.32 0 0 0 18163321 0 0 0 0 0 1.99 1.32 0 0 0 18163331 0 0 0 0 0 1.99 1.32
复制状态
在此模式下，您将看到从属 SQL 状态、从属 I/O 状态和主状态的输出。前两部分显示从属状态和从属 I/O 线程状态，最后一部分显示主状态。
_______________________ Slave SQL Status _______________________ Master On? TimeLag Catchup Temp Relay Pos Last Error 172.16.25.125 Yes 00:00 0.00 0 41295853 ____________________________________ Slave I/O Status _____________________________________ Master On? File Relay Size Pos State 172.16.25.125 Yes mysql-bin.000025 39.38M 41295708 Waiting for master to send event ____________ Master Status _____________ File Position Binlog Cache mysql-bin.000010 10887846 0.00%
非交互式
您可以非交互地运行“ innotop ”。
# innotop --count 5 -d 1 -n
uptime max_query_time time_behind_master connections locked_count qps spark_qps run spark_run open slave_running longest_sql 61d 2 0 0.000363908088893752 64 Yes 61d 2 0 4.96871146980749 _ _ 64 Yes 61d 2 0 3.9633543857494 ^_ __ 64 Yes 61d 2 0 3.96701862656428 ^__ ___ 64 Yes 61d 2 0 3.96574802684297 ^___ ____ 64 Yes
监控远程数据库
要监控远程系统上的远程数据库，请使用特定的用户名、密码和主机名运行以下命令。
# innotop -u username -p password -h hostname
有关“ innotop ”用法和选项的更多信息，请在终端上输入“ man innotop ”查看手册页。
参考链接
另请阅读：